नई दिल्ली (महानाद) : सेवानिवृत्त न्यायाधीश ऋतुराज अवस्थी की अध्यक्षता वाले भारत के 22वें विधि आयोग ने मोदी सरकार को रिपोर्ट सौंपकर दंगाइयों के लिए कड़े जमानत प्रावधानों की सिफारिश की है।
आयोग ने सुझाव दिया है कि सड़कें जाम करने और तोड़-फोड़ करने वालों पर सार्वजनिक-निजी संपत्तियों को हुए नुकसान के बाजार मूल्य के बराबर जुर्माना लगाया जाए। दंगाइयों को जुर्माने की वसूली के बाद ही जमानत दी जाए।
विधि आयोग की रिपोर्ट में बताए गए जुर्माने का मतलब उस राशि से है, जो डैमेज हुई संपत्ति की बाजार कीमत के बराबर होगी। अगर इस संपत्ति की वैल्यू निकाल पाना संभव न हो, तो इसकी कुल धनराशि अदालत तय कर सकती है। आयोग ने कहा कि इस बदलाव को लागू करने के लिए सरकार एक अलग कानून ला सकती है।
आयोग ने बताया कि केरल में प्राइवेट संपत्ति को नुकसान की रोकथाम और मुआवजा भुगतान अधिनियम बनाया गया है। सरकार इसे भारतीय न्याय संहिता के लागू प्रावधानों में बदलाव करके या जोड़कर भी वसूल सकती है।
विधि आयोग द्वारा केंद्र को सौंपी गई 284वीं रिपोर्ट में कहा गया है कि अपराधियों को जमानत देने की शर्त के रूप में डैमेज पब्लिक प्रोपर्टी की कीमत जमा करने के लिए मजबूर करना निश्चित तौर पर प्रोपर्टी को नुकसान से बचाएगा। दरअसल, आयोग ने इस संशोधन के लिए बड़े पैमाने पर हुई झड़पों का हवाला दिया है। इनमें 2013 के मुजफ्फरनगर दंगों, जाट (2015) और पाटीदार (2016) आरक्षण आंदोलन, भीमा कोरेगांव विरोध (2018), सीएए विरोधी प्रदर्शन (2019), कृषि कानून आंदोलन (2020) से लेकर पैगंबर मोहम्मद (2022) पर की गई टिप्पणी के बाद हुई हिंसा और पिछले साल मणिपुर में चल रही जातीय हिंसा शामिल है।
आयोग ने आपराधिक मानहानि के अपराध को बरकरार रखने की सिफारिश की है। 285वीं रिपोर्ट में कहा है कि दुर्भावनापूर्ण झूठ से बचाने की जरूरत के साथ खुलेआम बोले जाने वाली बातों को कंट्रोल करना भी जरूरी है ताकि किसी व्यक्ति की छवि धूमिल न हो।
बता दें कि यह मामला अगस्त 2017 में कानून मंत्रालय ने लॉ पैनल को भेजा था। पैनल ने सुब्रमण्यम स्वामी बनाम भारत संघ में सुप्रीम कोर्ट के 2016 के फैसले पर भरोसा किया, जिसमें कोर्ट ने आपराधिक मानहानि के अपराध की संवैधानिकता को बरकरार रखा था। कोर्ट ने कहा था कि संविधान के अनुच्छेद 19(2) के तहत भाषण और अभिव्यक्ति की स्वतंत्रता का अधिकार प्रतिष्ठा के अधिकार की रक्षा करने जैसे कुछ जरूरी प्रतिबंधों के अधीन है।
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